Grafitti: Art or Crime?

New life brings new art. â€Å"Graffiti is writing or drawings scribbled, scratched, or sprayed illicitly on a wall or other surface in a public place â€Å", says Wikipedia. This kind of drawing exists since human started drawing. Examples of first graffiti drawing were found in the walls of Pompeii and Catacombs of Rome, and considered as an art form. However, modern graffers usually are being sent to jail for drawing on public walls. Graffiti is not an art form anymore, now it’s a crime. If you ask people around you if they think graffiti is an art or vandalism, you can find out that there is no equal division between for and against answers.Moreover, there are people who will consider graffiti as an art and as a crime in the same time, depending on where those were drawn. Graffiti itself is an art form, though. It is the fact that is drawn in the properties of others without permissions that makes graffiti considered as vandalism. There are some evidences that prove that graffiti is an art form, such us: its own unique features, its division into different forms of art- drawing and writing, and its own particular meaning. What makes graffiti an art form? Each kind of art: music, paintings, literature, uses its own certain techniques that make each one of them special.Graffiti as one of the street art forms uses special materials for drawing, it has certain techniques how to draw and the overall outcome of graffiti drawing differs from any other form of art. Graffers use spray paints, markers and other tools for their drawing. Moreover, it needs a lot of preparation, certain drawing skills, creativity to make a really good graffiti drawing. Some of these drawings are considered as masterpieces. Certain famous graffers even have their own street exhibitions, which is becoming really popular nowadays.There are also graffers who earn money from drawing legally on the walls of buildings or tagging some commercial buildings, in other words writing on the m. Graffiti can be considered as writing, too. â€Å"The graffito is an odd kind of writing at once secretive and public, immediate and obscure† (2004, p. 277). Usually the purpose of such graffiti writings is to bring certain kind of information to public or just self-advertisement. They can use this writing in political ways as well. As the author of the article published in â€Å"The Economist† magazine mentions â€Å"The point of political propaganda is, after ll, not to offend and annoy people, but influence them† (2004, p. 279). They try to influence people through graffiti writing because the writers (or graffers) are the same usual people as those who will read them, so the influence in that way is more probable, than if a politician would say something to a public. Other reason for it is that graffer use his own life experience to make writing on a wall that can catch attention of the audience, and his experience is more probable to be the same as the a udiences than the life quality of a politician. Like any other kind of art, graffiti exists for expressing artist’s feelings and emotions.It is an easy way to live a mark in this world. It is a little chance to be remembered, sometimes illegally, however. Graffiti has a soul. This usually is a soul of anger and passion. When a graffer draws on the wall, he tries to express all he has in a very emotional way. Even the colors that are used in graffiti art gives us a signal, makes us to pay attention to it by brightness and colorfulness. Graffiti has a soul of youth and hope, too. As technology, lifestyles, ideals and aspirations of society are developing and changing, art is changing also.Graffiti came to life to express the soul of new life, passion and youth. Its anger and sort of vandalism can be easily connected to the life that people have nowadays. Life when you have to fight for your place in the earth. In that case graffiti makes a lot of sense; it explains the truth in its own unique way. Graffiti is a very important component of modern art, which embodies not only the style of teenagers in America, but also is a distinct genre which is closely intertwined with other fields of arts such as music, dance, design, and many others.Moreover, it is kind of art that can be expressed and understood in different ways: you can see writing on the wall saying â€Å"Hey, I was here! †, or other stuff seems to be messages, or an installation art which is there just because someone felt like drawing his feelings. Graffiti is no doubt the style of the new generation, a new kind of art. References 2004. The Writing on the Wall. The Economist 18th December. pp. 68-72. In A. Shine (Ed. ) Majlis of the ‘others’ (2nd ed. ) London, UK: Pearson Education.

Good Hotel Doing Good Doing Well

Good Hotel:Doing Good Doing Well Introduction: Joie De Vivre Hotels Company was found in back in 1987 in San Francisco by Chip Conley. Conley started from opening a Phoeonix Hotel in San Franciso. His first priority or targeted customer were of rock bands, musicians and film makers who mostyly travels for their projects and he me travel agents through out the America and proposed some free massage for tour manager during their stay in the hotel to attract the customer and make them stay in his hotel. And this worked and Conley was successful in making some of nationally known entertainers stay in his hotel.Joie De Vivre is a company which has entire business based in San Francisco and because of which it was negatively impacted by the incident of 9/11 and there was substantial turndown. Joie De Vivre began to expand its network out of San Franciso from 2005 by opening Hotel Angeleno in Los Angeles likewise in 2009 they opened other hotel in different place to spread the market of the ir company more wider. They opened Shorebreak hotel in Huntington Beach,Hotel Erwin in Venice Beach and Pacific Edge Hotel in Laguna Beach. Strategy Plan Of Joie De Vivre'sENVIRONMENTAL POLICY The mission of Joie De Vivre Green Dreams is to prevent the environment and educate not only emplyees but also cutomer to reduce waste and toxins,make the environment a eco-friendly environment and always true to reuse,recylce and reduce the waste. Joie De Vivre is also working to get their hotels a green certificate by their local city or country to show their commitment for the environment and Green Dreams. Joie De Vivre uses the following policies and practices for the Green Dreams to come true: Reduce,Reuse and RecyclePurchasing Environmental Friendly Products Conserve Energy,water and natural resources Generate clean energy through on-site solar production Reduce, Reuse and Recycle: Joie de Vivre try to reduce the wastage by reusing and recycying all the papers,cans,bottles and all the wa ste food and landscape waste. Even when they donates to the charutable organizations they donate those items which can be reused so that they can make other people also play a role in Dream Green project. Toxics Reduction and Environmentally Preferable PurchasingJoie De Vivre always are on the side of not using toxic materials to protect the health of the both employee and guest as well as the environmental health also. They reduce the use of toxic materials as much as they can and they safely recycle the toxic products for reusing it again. They minimize the use of mercury lamps and try not to use them whenever it is possible. They always try to purchase the recycled products. Conserve They conserve the fossil fuels by encouraging the use of public transport rather then private transport to their guest as well as their employee which make thems save fuel.They encourage carpooling among their staff and also by taking part in spare the air campaigns they are conserving the environmen t. Employee Education They train and educate their staff how to reuse,recyle and reduce the cost. This will not only help in making the Green Dream success but it will alse make their employee in their daily life as well . Not only in work but this will help them in their home to reduce,recycle and reuse the waste which they can.

Educational practice Essay

In the United States, bilingualism is a crucial issue that must be addressed. Although bilingualism has no clear cut definition yet, Shenker (no date) provides one appropriate definition of bilingualism. According to him, bilingual children are â€Å"are those†¦ who speak/have been spoken to in two (or more) languages in the home since birth and who are spoken to in only one or both of those two languages at school. † (Shenker, no date). These children may also be spoken in one language at home but acquired (or is exposed to) a second-language when they start attending school. There is a common misperception that bilingual children are more unsuccessful academically than monolingual children. However, researches show that bilingual children have superior performances than their monolingual counterparts. Perhaps the first one to radically change this perception is the study done Peal and Lambert in 1962. They conducted research regarding the premise that bilingualism causes retardation. However, their conclusion proved otherwise. They found that experiences from two cultures provide bilingual children an advantage such as increased mental dexterity and superior ability to think abstractly than that experienced by monolinguals (Peal & Lambert, 1962). Other researches show an association between bilingualism and greater cognitive flexibility and awareness of language (Cummins & Culutsan, 1974; Diaz, 1983; Hakuta & Diaz, 1984). Moreover, bilingual children were proven to have more effective controlled processes. Although their study was conducted among adults only, they generally concluded â€Å"that controlled processing is carried out more effectively by bilinguals and that bilingualism helps to offset age-related losses in certain executive processes† (Bialystok, Klein, Craik, & Viswanathan, 2004). Because of their greater cognitive flexibility, bilingual children outperform their monolingual counterparts in virtually almost every subject including mathematics. Nevertheless, bilingual children, including their parents, still do not have the confidence to learn and interact with others. This is due to a punishment in the early 1900s where bilingual children are severely punished for speaking their home language. Although researches have found that bilingual children have greater cognitive flexibility than monolingual children, none has yet been undertaken investigating what practice can be used in teaching bilingual children to interact with other people. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate what teaching practice can be used in teaching bilingual children, in which they can improve not just their understanding of the project but also their interaction with other people. Statement of the Problem Mathematics is considered as one of the most difficult subjects to understand. Students have difficulty applying the basic computational skills to a more complex mathematics or science (Seceda & dela Cruz, n. d. ). Researchers argue that this difficulty in understanding the concepts of mathematics is due to most educators’ strict observation to procedure (Schoenfeld, 1988). Although there is a steady rise in students’ achievement scores in mathematics since the early 1980’s (Seceda, 1992) showing that educators are successful in teaching basic computational skills to students, they have been less successful in teaching the students when to apply the skills they have taught (Dossey, Mullis, & Jones, 1993; Dossey, Mullis, Lindquist, & Chambers, 1988; Mullis, Dossey, Foertsch, Jones, & Gentile, 1991; Mullis, Dossey, Owen, & Phillips, 1993; Seceda & dela Cruz, n. d. ). Thus, it is important that educators should focus in teaching mathematics for understanding to students rather than in observing strict procedures. However, one must note the fact that teaching for understanding does not just concern the mainstream or majority students. As Seceda and Cruz emphasize that â€Å"teaching for understanding concerns more generally all students including those with diverse social backgrounds. It is believed that mathematics involves considerable use of English, especially word problems† (Seceda & dela Cruz, n. d. ). Due to this belief, it only follows that children who are studying English as a second-language (or second language learners) have difficulty in studying mathematics. In this context, the term â€Å"bilingual children† means students who are second-language learners. Most schools in the United States teach mathematics in a â€Å"procedural† manner. That is, when students solved a particular mathematical problem in an unconventional way (the computations are not presented in the algorithm taught by the teacher), their solutions are marked incorrect and will be drilled further (Seceda & dela Cruz, n. d. ), even though their solutions meant that they understand the problem but resolved to write their solution in their own way. In so doing, bilingual children, feeling that they cannot understand and cannot be understood, are being left out in classroom conversations. When teaching and learning is continued in this manner, this will eventually lead to the bilingual children’s failure in mathematics, adding to the conventional belief that bilingual children cannot engage in mathematics. Another consequence of teaching mathematics in a â€Å"procedural† manner is that children begin to perceive that mathematics makes no sense (Seceda & dela Cruz, n. d. ). This perception will increase children’s capacity to understand something which is not sensible, not practical and not applicable using with the outside world (that is, world outside the classroom). In this paper, the author investigated which educational practice is best to apply in teaching mathematics for understanding to bilingual children. Two educational theories will be examined — Pask’s Conversation Theory and Landa’s Algo-Heuristic Theory. Furthermore, the study aims to find which practice can help students not just understand mathematics but to have confidence in solving problems and in interacting with others. Research Questions The study specifically aims to: 1. compare Pask’s Conversation Theory and Landa’s Algo-Heuristic Theory; and 2. examine which one of these two is best to apply in teaching mathematics for understanding to bilingual children. Significance of the Study Results of the study will help educators find the best way to teach mathematics in which bilingual children will be able to understand and apply outside the classroom. In general, results of the study will help in finding the best way to teach children who are limited English proficient in such a way that these children can understand and apply the lessons with other activities. Moreover, the study will help teachers train their students with confidence. Overview of the Paper In Chapter 2, a review of literature is provided. In this chapter, the definition of bilingualism is discussed. Researches undertaken on bilingual children’s cognitive development are provided. Then bilingual education is defined according to literature. Historical background on the evolution of bilingual education (1800s-1900s) is also provided. The author also discusses emotional, linguistic and academic issues bilingual education is concerned with. Mathematics education is also discussed in this chapter. Theories applied in mathematics teaching are discussed. Problem solving is given importance in the discussion on mathematics education. Cognitive background information on addition, subtraction multiplication and division is also given which provides as basis for the word problems given to the participants of the study. Finally, in this chapter, researches done involving mathematics and bilingualism are provided. Chapter 3 provides the theoretical framework used in the study. The first part discusses Pask’s Conversation Theory and the second part discussed Landa’s Algo-Heuristic Theory. Chapter 4 provides the methodology used for obtaining the results needed. This section explains the research design the study used. Sample, sample setting, procedure and data collection and analysis are discussed. The sample and sample setting for the study is discussed in the first part. In the second part, the author explained the procedures done from the pre-assessment stage to the classroom setting to the final assessment stage. The third part discussed how the data was collected and analyzed. In Chapter 5, results obtained from the experiment are discussed. The students’ scores obtained in the pre-assessment, addition and subtraction, multiplication and division, and final assessment examinations are shown in the first part. In the second part, results from the interview are discussed. Finally, Chapter 6 concludes the paper. The first part summarized the main findings discussed in Chapter 5. The second part gives recommendations for the teachers on how to teach mathematics for understanding to bilingual students. The third part provides limitations for the study as well as recommendations for future researches that can be carried on from this study. CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE Bilingualism Bilingualism has no clear-cut definition yet but Shenker (no date) provided a definition in terms of young children. According to Shenker (no date), bilingual children are â€Å"are those†¦ who speak/have been spoken to in two (or more) languages in the home since birth and who are spoken to in only one or both of those two languages at school. † (Shenker, no date). These children may also be spoken in one language at home but acquired (or is exposed to) a second-language when they start attending school. Bilingual children were perceived to have less advantageous situations than monolingual children. This perception was radically changed in 1962 by Peal and Lambert. Peal and Lambert (1962) conducted a research regarding the premise that bilingualism causes retardation. Their study reached the conclusion that experiences from two cultures provide bilingual children with greater benefits than that experienced by monolinguals such as increased mental dexterity and superior ability to think abstractly (Peal & Lambert, 1962). Other researches prove that bilingual children have superior performances than their monolingual counterparts. Researches show an association between bilingualism and greater cognitive flexibility and awareness of language (Cummins & Culutsan, 1974; Diaz, 1983; Hakuta & Diaz, 1984). Moreover, bilingual children were proven to have more effective controlled processes. Although their study was conducted among adults only, they generally concluded â€Å"that controlled processing is carried out more effectively by bilinguals and that bilingualism helps to offset age-related losses in certain executive processes† (Bialystok, Klein, Craik, & Viswanathan, 2004). Bilingual Education Despite having many researches proving that bilingual children provide greater than (or at least at the same level as) the monolingual children, there is constant debate whether to provide bilingual children with bilingual education or programs that focus uniquely on acquiring English. Bilingual education is the teaching of all subjects in school using two different languages — English and Spanish or Chinese depending which is the native language of the student. Definition According to Ovando, Combs and Collier (2006) bilingual education is not a single uniform program or a consistent methodology for teaching language minority students. Bilingual education includes a number of different program models with a number of distinct goals. Other programs may promote the development of two languages for bilingualism and biliteracy while others use the students’ first language so that students may better learn English. Some bilingual education programs preserve an indigenous or heritage language as an ethnic, cultural, or community resource. There are programs that aim to incorporate students into the mainstream of society (Baker 2001). Thus, as Cazden and Snow (1990) stress, bilingual education is â€Å"a simple label for a complex phenomenon† since not all programs necessarily â€Å"concern the balanced use of two languages in the classroom† (Baker, 2001). (Throughout this paper, the terms L1 and L2 to denote the child’s language, L1 for their native language and L2 for the language they are acquiring. ) The inseparable connection between language and culture brings bilingual programs to include historical and cultural components associated with the languages being used. As Ulibarri (1972) says: In the beginning was the Word. And the Word was made flesh. It was so in the beginning and it is so today. The language, the Word, carries within it the history, the culture, the traditions, the very life of a people, the flesh. Language is people. We cannot conceive of a people without a language, or a language without a people. The two are one and the same. To know one is to know the other (p. 295). Historical Background Discussing the historical background of bilingual education in the United States indicates that there is a cyclical pattern with regard to language policies and programs (Korschun, 2006). Furthermore, studying the origins of bilingual education helps to understand its present undertakings and its future effectiveness. There are few references that account the history of bilingual education. In this paper, I rely predominantly on Ovando et al’s account of the history of bilingual education. The 1800s. Contrary to the common perception in the United States, schools in the United States use for instruction multiple languages other than English during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Because of the increasing establishments of homesteads of different groups of different languages and countries of origin in US territories, a general sense of geographical and psychological openness existed. Some communities were self-sufficient and agrarian based while some were ethnic pockets in urban areas (Ovando, 1978b). According to historical records, many schools in the nineteenth century, both public and private, used languages other than English for instruction. In fact, during this century, following the annexation of the Territory of New Mexico, a school’s curriculum may use either Spanish or English or even both as medium for instruction (Leibowitz, 1971). In 1900, at least 600,000 children in US received part or all of their schooling in German in public and parochial schools (Crawford, 2004; Ovando &Wiley, 2003; Kloss, 1977; Tyack, 1974). Many other states passed laws providing for schooling in languages other than English (Crawford, 1992, 2004). Some public schools provided bilingual or non-English-language instruction during the second half of the nineteenth century. The 1900s. Between 1900 and 1910, over 8 million immigrants were admitted to the United States majority of which came from Europe (Stewart, 1993). Because of this, the struggle for power to control institutions became imminent. One solution to this power struggle focused on schools. This solution came in the form of â€Å"Americanizing† all immigrants. By 1919, 15 state laws had been passed calling for English Only instruction (Higham, 1992). During the first half of the twentieth century, many schools already implemented the English dominant instruction which was impelled by many factors such as the standardization and bureaucratization of urban schools (Tyack, 1974), the need for national unity during the two world wars, and the desire to centralize and solidify national gains around unified goals for the country (Gonzalez, 1975). In fact, from World War I to the 1960s, language-minority students were severely punished whenever they used a language other than English in the classroom, or even on the playground. This policy continued until the 1950s resulting to an enormous loss of many indigenous languages (Crawford, 2004; Ovando & Wiley, 2003). The consequence of this action is still visible today. The ambivalence of language-minority parents toward bilingual education reflects fears that their children will be punished for using a language other than English (Arias & Cassanova, 1993). The early 1920s saw yet another restrictive immigration laws. These immigration laws, passed by the US congress, created a national-origins quota system. These extremely restrictive laws discriminated against eastern and southern Europeans and even excluded Asians. This resulted to fewer numbers of new immigrants while second-generation immigrants dropped the use of their native languages. Moreover, bilingual education disappeared for nearly have a century in US public schools (Crawford, 1992a). Indigenous groups whose land was eventually assimilated into the United States suffered even more repressive experiences. They endured more discrimination than any other language-minority groups. From the 1850s to the 1950s, native Spanish speakers in Texas and California were taught in English Only instructions while Mexican Americans in Texas segregated to other schools. This discrimination only stopped when segregation was ruled illegal. Even though the US government initially recognized the language rights of the Cherokees in an 1828 treaty, records show that many other American Indian groups suffered an oppression of their native languages and cultural traditions which also applied to the Cherokees during that period. In 1879, American Indian children were sent to boarding schools, where they were punished for using their native language. As mentioned earlier, this resulted to the loss of languages of many indigenous groups. In North America, 210 out of 300 original languages remain. In the United States, it is only 175. Of these languages, only 18 are still being passed on to the children, namely, Hawaiian (in Hawaii), Siberian Yupi’k, Central Yupi’k (in Alaska), Cocopah, Havasupai, Hualapai, Yaqui, Hopi, Navajo, Tohono O’odham, Western Apache, Mescalero, Jemez, Zuni, Tiwa, Keresan, (in Arizona and New Mexico), Cherokee (in Oklahoma), Choctaw (in Mississippi) (Krauss, 1996). Reyhner (1996) emphasized the importance of stabilizing and restoring indigenous languages: Many of the keys to the psychological, social, and physical survival of humankind may well be held by the smaller speech communities of the world. These keys will be lost as languages and cultures die. Our languages are joint creative productions that each generation adds to. Languages contain generations of wisdom, going back into antiquity. Our languages contain a significant part of the world’s knowledge and wisdom. When a language is lost, much of the knowledge that language represents is also gone (p. 4). Aside from the fear of severe punishment, this repression of non-English-languages also resulted to the lack of foreign-language skills among the US populace. This became evident when the need for military and civilian personnel who were proficient in many languages during World War II. Because of this, a radical change happened. US personnel returning overseas helped convince the government of the importance of multiple language resources (Pena, 1976a). The United States’ increasing need to compete for international status and power, influenced by the cold war mentality and the Soviets’ launching of Sputnik, led to an increasing need to expand their foreign-language skills. In 1958, the National Defense Education Act was approved providing federal money for the expansion of foreign-language teaching.

Consumer needs, motivation, behavior, and decision making processes Research Paper

Consumer needs, motivation, behavior, and decision making processes relevant to cough medicine strips - Research Paper Example Some types of cough are caused by bacterial infection like Pertussis that can cause a serious breathing problem in infants. Coughs are mainly caused due to hygiene problems. Cough caused by smoking, pneumonia, chronic bronchitis, emphysema and asthma should be treated well with the consult of doctor. Middle class consumer behavior towards cough medicine is very general. They either avoid medicines for cough or purchase a combination of drug which has various treatments in one. But cough medicines like guaifenesin are very harmful for body. Before purchasing cough medicines for children, certain thing should always be the kept into consideration. One of the major uses of cough medicine containing noscapine is that it helps in controlling birth and growth of tumor of prostate cancer (Illions, Deena, â€Å"Study shows further benefits of noscapine for prostate cancer†). Cough suppression can cause many problems in a human life like airway obstruction, hypoxemia, secretion and secondary infection. Whooping cough caused by Bordetella pertussis can be a reason behind permanent disability and even some time death of infants. This disease is also easily spreadable an can cause epidemics (Articles Base, â€Å"Whooping Cough-Cause, Symptoms and Treatment†). Consumer needs among middle class states that medicines should be cost effective and can treat many diseases at once. But this belief is not fruitful. They also think that cold is a self treated diseases and it does not need any treatment. If the situation gets worse, they prefer to have the counter medicine treatment. The middle class populace can be motivated through educational activities and advertisements in television and news papers about the side effects of cough and why it is important to treat cough and that of doctor’s consultancy. It should explain the side

Philosophical debates Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Philosophical debates - Essay Example robably support American and government action against terrorists; Locke would probably be appalled by Guantanamo Bay and some of the extremes committed by the Bush Administration after 9/11 such as enhanced interrogation techniques. Both philosophers, however, were very clever men who would be able to cogently argue both positions of the argument. A good example of 18th century terrorism was the French Revolution, which had the aim of overthrowing the aristocracy and declaring the independence of the other classes. The event was historically very significant and caused huge political ripples at the time. This was one of the first times Republicanism had reared its head on the European continent. Burke strongly opposed the Revolution, believing that violent revolution was not acceptable and would in the end change nothing. It is important to note that these Revolutionaries did not attack London or Washington, and they weren’t interested in Spain. Their campaign was focused and motivated by achievable goals. The terrorism of today is different. The mujahideen in Afghanistan come from all over the Islamic world. Some want to take control of the elected Afghan government, but others want to set up bases in Afghanistan to wage a global jihad against the West under the tutelage of Al Qaeda. They tend to view all Westerners a s enemies. Terrorism is now a global phenomenon motivated by a distorted global ideology. Burke would hate terrorism in all its form and support countries that wished to do something about it. Any drastic change is bad, Burke wrote, especially changes that are achieved through violence and with the intention to create a utopia or an idealistic world. Locke would probably try to understand the terrorists and argue that colonial powers, such as the U.S., broke a social contract with the poorer people of the world, and that terrorism is a consequence. He would not be a believer in the notion of a clash of civilizations, believing at heart that most

Role of the Nurse to manage a patient with Myocardial Infarction Speech or Presentation

Role of the Nurse to manage a patient with Myocardial Infarction - Speech or Presentation Example Any signs of irregular heartbeat, sweating, nausea, and pallor should be noticed. Next, diagnostic evaluation is important in which the nurse should look for ST segment elevation or depression to decide if it is ST-elevation MI or non-ST elevation MI (Nursing Care Plans 2014). ECG results and vital signs should be recorded. This is an important feature of nursing intervention for MI. Oxygen supplementation should be immediately started in case the patient is experiencing severe dyspnoea. ECG should be performed during acute pain attack also (Cardiac Care Network 2013). Fluid retention and high cholesterol levels can create a problem, so diet and lifestyle changes should be strictly maintained to reduce both fluid retention and cholesterol levels (Mok et al. 2013, p. 256). Before giving any medicine to the patient, the nurse should carefully evaluate if he/she is allergic to the medicine or not. Many MI patients can be allergic to aspirin in which case it should not be given. Statins should be given to reduce cholesterol level and ACE inhibitors should be administered to reduce blood pressure level. Beta-blockers should also be given to reduce workload of the heart, but care should be taken when giving beta-blockers in patients who have a very slow pulse ( Kenny 2012b). In context of ethical consideration, obtaining informed consent of the patient is critically important (Andreae, Ekstedt & Snellman 2011). Patient autonomy or respect for what a patient wants is also an important ethical consideration. Also in the care of MI patients, it should be ensured that resources are fairly distributed and no harm is provided to the patient due to carelessness. Elderly patients with MI often experience high levels of anxiety, but they are not provided psychological care. So, it is important for a nurse to ensure psychological help for very anxious patients (NHS 2007). Anxiety increases both heart rate and blood

PICOT research question created and abstracts to support Assignment

PICOT research question created and abstracts to support - Assignment Example RESULTS: Baseline and six-month quality of life measures did not correlate with recorded arrhythmias. However, perceptions of diminished general health correlated significantly with symptoms of exercise intolerance, lightheadedness/dizziness, palpitations and chest pain/pressure. By multivariable logistic regression, more severe perceived episodes, symptoms of exercise intolerance and lightheadedness/dizziness were independently associated with diminished quality of life. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The findings of this study indicate that symptomatic  heart failure  patients suffer from poor quality of life and that interventions are needed to improve quality of life and decrease symptom severity. Nurses who care for  heart failure  patients play an essential role in symptom evaluation and management and could significantly improve overall quality of life in these patients by carefully evaluating symptomatology and testing interventions and educational programmes aimed at improving quality of life (Hickey, et al., 2102). METHODS: In a cross-sectional study of 318 patients with chronic systolic HF recruited in 48 German primary care practices, we evaluated the patient-reported European HF Self-care  Behaviour  scale (EHFScBs) assessments (range 12-60, where lower scores indicate better self-care). Potential determinants included socio-demographic (e.g. age, living status), clinical (e.g. NYHA class, LVEF, NT-proBNP levels, co-morbidities), behavioural (e.g. smoking and alcohol intake), psychosocial (SF-36 scales and KCCQ domains, e.g. quality of life and self-efficacy) and  depression  status (PHQ-D), plus previous health care utilisation. Mixed regression modelling was applied. RESULTS: Patients had a mean (SD) age of 69.0 (10.4) years and were 71% male. They had a good overall EHFScBs score of 24.7 (7.8) (n=274). In the final regression model (n=271), six determinants were retained (ÃŽ ²; descriptive p-value):

Marketing Plan for Dell India Sales Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Marketing Plan for Dell India Sales - Case Study Example It's budgeting and the organization's implementation strategies are also considered in the final plan. Dell is the second largest PC manufacturer in the world and has 60pct of its revenue from the US which is the largest market. However, with the recession and the attempt to malign Dell in this country, the company is looking for markets outside the US. The increasing market for laptops and desktop PCs in China, India, Brazil and Russia have given reason for Dell to make strategies to depend less on the US market and expand to other regions of high yield. Its presence in India since 8years has given it much exposure to make the appropriate strategies to suit the Asian market, particularly the Indian market, which has the most potential. The economic advantages that Dell offers for the local market and which have been successfully displayed in China have more reason for Dell to gain a foothold in the already tapped PC market in India despite the presence of other strong contenders like HP, Lenovo, etc. and its own presence in the country for over six years now. The advantage on GDP with every investment by Dell enables it to gain faster penetration into the local market and enter other frontiers too. "Then there is the multiplier effect. ... have more reason for Dell to gain a foothold in the already tapped PC market in India despite the presence of other strong contenders like HP, Lenovo, etc. and its own presence in the country for over six years now. The advantage on GDP with every investment by Dell enables it to gain faster penetration into the local market and enter other frontiers too. "Then there is the multiplier effect. A Peking University study of the Dell effect showed that for each $1 million spent by the company in China, $2.3 million was contributed to the nation's GDP, 92 new jobs were created and $144,000 was generated as tax revenues. Factor in China's PC penetration at 6% and Dell's revenue growth there at 26%, the implications are clearer. India with a PC penetration of just 1.8% and a population of 1.3 billion, offers the kind of potential Dell can hardly ignore. A latecomer it may be, and is up against stiff competition from old hands like HP, Lenovo, Acer and homegrown HCL Infosystems, but the motivation for Dell to scale up here are obvious. In less than six years, it has garnered a 36% market share in the large enterprise segment. However, it is still weak in the 1.7-million home buyer/retail desktop and portable media market. But Dell is eyeing a 10% overall market share in the next 18 months and a doubling of revenue to $1 billion; this, after t aking nearly six years to hit $500 million. The $1-billion figure is just 1/60th of Dell's global sales and for this to be relevant to India, revenues would have to be many times more" (Prasad, Gupta, 2007). ii. Socio-Cultural- Another reason that Dell can leverage in the Indian market, is its strong direct sales experience. Since, these kinds of economies do not permit high prices and are more accustomed to retail selling which offers

CASE 2 - HRM 401 SELECTION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

CASE 2 - HRM 401 SELECTION - Essay Example A total of fifty vacant positions are available across the country and successful applicants would work for a period not exceeding 89 days. The U.S. NRC recognizes the value that students can inject in the workforce of the commission. The setup for the internship is professional in nature and offers students’ adequate learning environment even for a possible career in this field. An interesting bit of this internship offer is that successful applicants are assigned duties based on their academic and career ambitions. Some of the areas that the internship focuses on are engineering and science, accounting, business, communications, finance, health physics, chemistry, hydrology, geology, and geophysics. In order to qualify for these positions at the GG-03 pay level, the applicant must be a high school graduate with 1 to 29 semester hours of college credit. He or she must be conversant with automation programs such as Microsoft Office, Excel, PowerPoint, among other desktop programs. Ability to work and communicate professionally is an added advantage. Other prerequisites include being a citizen of the United States; Background investigation leading to a clearance is needed for new recruits, and a GPA of not less than 2.85 (USA JOBS). The assessments methods used for this job application would be a combination of different techniques that are likely to include CV and application form, aptitude/ability tests, and finally face-to-face interviews. CV and application form would be the very first step of the recruitment process and will include applicants submitting their resumes either online or as a hardcopy. This step forms the basis for the human resource officers to determine candidates who meet the basic criteria for the job (Dwivedi, 2010). As expected, this stage would have a high number of successful candidates. Therefore, to cut down on the high

Socially Desirable Merit Goods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Socially Desirable Merit Goods - Essay Example Merit goods are normally provided by the state because of the feeling that citizens tend to under-consume them, as well as the fact that they need to either be subsidized or provide freely to the people at the point of consumption so that its consumption is not tied to an individual’s ability to pay for the good. There are quite a number of merit goods that can be provided by the government namely health services, public libraries, education, inoculations for children, work training programmes, and Citizen's Advice Bureaux among others (Grant and Vidler 70). The National Health Services (NHS) is a good example of a merit good provided by the U.K. government. NHS is considered a merit good because the services received from the hospital confers personal benefit to the person receiving the services since there is personal satisfaction in becoming healthy or being healed of a disease. In addition, being healthy allows people to engage in development activities such as getting emp loyment that enables one to earn a living and live a decent life (Grant and Vidler 70). This is because an individual cannot work when he or she is sick. Being healthy also has certain social benefits attached that prompted the establishment of NHS. Firstly, healthy people tend to be more productive than unhealthy people are in the workplace. Unhealthy people are normally not able to perform certain jobs because of their unhealthy status, thus making them less productive ((Riccardo and Tryphon 1367). Healthy people, on the other hand, can perform different jobs in an organization including jobs that require the use of a lot of energy. Furthermore, healthy people are able to work longer hours thereby improving productivity in an organization they work for. Economists agree that many organizations prefer productive workforce to unproductive workforce because it enhances economic growth that increases the national income (Grant and Vidler 70). This statement can be proved by comparing the GDP of countries where health care service provision is poor and those with good health care services like the U.K. In this regard, it can clearly be seen that the GDP of the U.K. is higher than that of developing countries in the word that are still struggle with the proving of quality health care services. Role of the government in providing this merit good to the public Grant and Vidler note that the government plays a big role as far as provision of merit goods is concerned (71). NHS is an example of a merit good that the government of the U.K. has provided for its citizens in order to increase access to health care services in the country. The government took this initiative for a number of reasons. Firstly, the government introduced the NHS for the U.K. citizens to ensure that there is universal health care in the country for all regardless of status. This is because the government felt that leaving the provision of health services solely to the private sectors would make it had for low-income earners, the old, and the disabled in the country to afford this valuable service. The reason being most private health care providers charge high prices for their services to the people and would only be affordable to the rich in the country. Therefore, the provision of this valuable merit good by the state is a means of promoting the consumption of merit good so as to achieve positive externalities attached to

World War II Essay Example for Free

World War II Essay World War II started in 1939 and ended in 1945. It involved the countries of Japan, Germany, and Italy. Those three formed the Axis Powers. The countries that fought against them were Great Britain, France, the United States, and in part the Soviet Union. Notable names in the war were: Franklin Delano Roosevelt, (president of the United States); Adolf Hitler, (Nazi Party leader and German chancellor); Benito Mussolini, (Italian fascist dictator); Hideki Tojo, (Japanese military leader); and Joseph Stalin, (communist leader of Soviet Union). World War II was the most fatal war in history, resulting in between 40 and 50 million deaths. World War II was caused by many different reasons. It was caused psychologically by: Adolf Hitler’s actions; Anti-Semitism; and totalitarianism. Politically it was caused by: the Treaty of Versailles; the failure of the League of Nations; and failure of appeasement. Finally it was caused geographically by: imperialistic Japan; the Treaty of Versailles; and the positioning of the United States. World War II was caused psychologically by the actions of Hitler, the influence of Anti-Semitism, and the influence of totalitarianism all over Europe. Adolf Hitler was a powerful speaker. He influenced many people to support himself and the Nazi party. â€Å"All great world shaking events have been brought about not by written matter, but by the spoken word. † (Adolf Hitler Quotes). On the contrary, he published a book, Mein Kampf (my struggle). In this book he described the Nazi party. The consumer and the common man read the book. They began to believe what Hitler had preached in Mein Kampf. â€Å"Those who want to live, let them fight, and those who do not want to fight in this world of eternal struggle do not deserve to live. (Hitler and Manheim). Hitler promoted the beliefs of German expansion; that Germans were the â€Å"master race† and all others are inferior; and Anti-Semitism. Anti-Semitism caused World War II in part psychologically by making people think that Jews were the cause of all their problems, and that they shouldn’t exist within the â€Å"Third Reich† or Third German Empire. During World War II between 4,869,360 and 5,894,716 Jewish were exterminated. (Holocaust Memorial Museum). This mass killing was called the Holocaust. The people that killed all of these innocents were who? People influenced by Anti-Semitism, mostly members of the Nazi Party. Anti-Semitism caused the Holocaust. â€Å"The personification of the devil as the symbol of evil assumes the living shape of the Jew. † (Adolf Hitler Quotes). The Holocaust was one reason for war. So in turn, Anti-Semitism was one psychological cause of World War II. Most of the Anti-Semitism was present in the Nazi Party, which was the German fascism. Totalitarianism was when a government has total control, and individual people have no civil rights. Before and during World War II, there were many different types of totalitarianism. There was fascism, communism, the Nazi Party, and militarism in Japan. Psychologically all of these different brands of totalitarianism influenced an abundance of the nations involved in World War II. In the Soviet Union, Joseph Stalin took total control by transforming his nation into an industrial communist state. People who disobeyed him were killed. In Italy, Benito Mussolini rose to power through winning the support of many discontent Italians and by fascism. â€Å"Italy wants peace, work, and calm. I will give these things with love if possible, with force if necessary. (Danzer, Klor de Alva, Krieger, Wilson, and Woloch). In Germany, Adolf Hitler influenced Germany with the German brand of fascism, the Nazi party. â€Å"The great strength of the totalitarian state is that it forces those who fear it to imitate it. †(â€Å"Adolf Hitler Quotes†). Finally in Japan, Hideki Tojo used the military to take control and use notes of fascism in his leadership. All of these dictators used totalitarianism to influence the people of their nations. In doing this, they create a psychologically influenced mass of people who believe and conform to totalitarianism. From three quarters of these nations, the Axis Powers were born. World War II was caused politically by: the Treaty of Versailles; failure of the League of Nations; and failure of appeasement. The Treaty of Versailles was a post World War I peace agreement that established new borders, nations, and war reparations. In this treaty, Germany was to take all the blame and sole responsibility for the war. They were stripped of their colonies. The Germans were angry and resentful. The Treaty of Versailles destroyed the German economy and also banned them from maintaining an army. All of these angered people. This political move aided to moving towards World War II. Some people, like Herbert Hoover, thought it not a good idea. â€Å"The economic consequences alone will pull down all Europe, and thus injure the United States. † (Danzer, Klor de Alva, Krieger, Wilson, and Woloch). The League of Nations was meant to keep world peace. Yet another world peace agreement after World War I, it was meant to settle conflicts between nations with words over fighting. However it failed because not all nations participated in the League and some countries eventually left too. Other countries still traded with the countries that withdrew. This made the League’s rules pointless. Also the League had no force behind it. They had no army. â€Å"It is a commonplace that the League of Nations is not yet what its most enthusiastic protagonists intended it to be. † (Branting). All of these reasons created a weakness within the League, causing it to fail, making it easier to start a war. Appeasement is giving in. Neville Chamberlain and Edouard Daladier met with Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini in Munich in 1938. The four signed the Munich Agreement. This entailed that the Sudetenland of Czechoslovakia would be turned over to Germany and that this would be the â€Å"last territorial demand†. â€Å"His Majesty’s government in the United Kingdom and the French Government have entered into the above agreement on the basis that they stand by the offer, contained in paragraph 6 of the Anglo-French proposals of the 19th September, relating to an international guarantee of the new boundaries of the Czechoslovak State against unprovoked aggression. † (Hitler, Daldier, Chamberlain, and Mussolini. ) Daladier and Chamberlain believed Hitler, falling victim to his lie. Obviously this was not Hitler’s last territorial demand. â€Å"Make the lie big, make it simple, keep saying it, and eventually they will believe it. † (Hitler). Appeasement failed, making Britain and France look weaker and Germany stronger for free basically. Germany becoming stronger was caused by failure of appeasement, in turn causing World War II. World War II was caused geographically by different factors: Japan exercising imperialism; the Treaty of Versailles’ land stripping-condition; and finally the positioning of the United States compared to Europe and Asia. Japan wanted to expand its empire. Examples would be when they invaded Manchuria and French Indochina. Another would be when Pearl Harbor was attacked, an attempt to destroy the US Naval base, in order to later take over the Hawaiian Islands and expand its imperial influence in the Pacific. â€Å"When reflecting back on it today, that the Pearl Harbor attack succeeded in achieving surprise seems [like] a blessing from heaven. † (Tojo). After Japan invaded French Indochina in 1941, the US stopped trading with them. This angered Japan military leaders. The result was then a loss of oil from the US, forcing Japan to make the decision to take over the Dutch East Indie oil fields. This contributed to the anger that started World War II. The Treaty of Versailles geographically fueled World War II because it stripped Germany of all its colonies and outlying territories. â€Å"It lost land to a number of other countries. Alsace-Lorraine was returned to France, Eupen and Malmedy were given to Belgium; North Schleswig was given to Denmark. Land was also taken from Germany and given to Czechoslovakia and Poland. The League of Nations took control of Germanys colonies. † (Wheeler). Losing all of these weakened Germany’s imperial power and created anger within the people. â€Å"In territory outside her European frontiers as fixed by the present Treaty, Germany renounces all rights, titles and privileges whatever in or over territory which belonged to her or to her allies, and all rights, titles and privileges whatever their origin which she held as against the Allied and Associated Powers. † (Treaty of Versailles: Article 118). This contributed to the start of World War II. The US is approximately 10,000 miles from Europe across the Atlantic Ocean. Japan is across the Pacific Ocean. The US is in the middle. The US didn’t get involved in the war earlier because they didn’t want to fight a war on two fronts. This lack of involvement from the US caused the Axis Powers to gain strength and leverage against the Allies with the amount of land that was taken over before the US got in the war. World War II is similar to the current conflict in North Korea. After World War I was over, time went by with tension still in Germany, as stated earlier about the Treaty of Versailles. The Korean War ended in 1953, but there is still anger present in North Korea. The anger is resulting in North Korea threatening to develop nuclear weapons. The development and potential use of those would result in worldwide damage and chaos. Tension was developed both by North Korea and Germany both after major wars, (World War I and the Korean War). Germany’s tension resulted in World War II; hopefully North Korea’s won’t result in anything similar. Another similarity between these two conflicts is the inhumane treatment and labor camps. During World War II there was concentration camps. People were tortured, overworked, malnourished, and eventually killed or died from the previous conditions. There were 24 major concentration camps spread around the â€Å"Third Reich†. Oddly enough, there are 25 active major prison camps in North Korea. In these camps, people die from disease, torture, starvation, and execution. â€Å"So far 400,000 people have died within these camps† (One Free Korea). Like the German concentration camps, there have been reports of gas chamber use and human experimentation in Korean camps. â€Å"In Auschwitz, there were a total of 1. 1 million people who entered† (One Free Korea). In Camp 14, a Korean slave labor camp, there are almost 200,00 people and it is growing. These numbers have a large difference, but in terms of the amount, they are both very high numbers. â€Å"Fundamentally, it is the same as Hitler’s Auschwitz. †(Kang, Korean War). After World War II, psychoanalyst Walter Langer studied Adolf Hitler. Recently, other scientists used his research and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, which is the American Psychiatric Association’s standard for official psychiatric diagnoses. They came up with an evaluation of Hitler. His consensus profile said he was very paranoid, antisocial, narcissistic, and sadistic. Hitler was predicted to be schizophrenic. The same scientists also studied Saddam Hussein. They studied Kim Jong Il too. Kim Jong Il was North Korea’s dictator from 1994 till his death in 2011. In Il’s consensus profile, he came up with the same traits as Hitler: paranoid; antisocial; narcissistic; and sadistic. (Coolidge and Segal). This proves that both of these dictators are similar in the psyche. If they are similar in their traits, then most likely their actions are similar. In conclusion World War II was caused by many factors. It was caused psychologically by Hitler’s words and actions; the idea of Anti-Semitism and its influences; and the rise in totalitarianism all over Europe. Politically: World War II was caused by the Treaty of Versailles and what it entailed; the weakness and eventual failure of the League of Nations, and appeasement not working. Geographically: it was caused by Japan’s imperialistic ideals and actions; the geographical part of the Treaty of Versailles; and the United States placement on the globe. Today, World War II is oddly similar to the conflict in North Korea. Reasons to support this would be the similarity of growing tensions over time after an initial conflict; concentration and labor camps in both conflicts; and the two dictators psychoanalysis results conforming to each other. World War II was an awful tear on the world’s pristine but painted canvas, and it has influenced a grand amount of ways, customs, and policies today. It has resulted in the creation of so many organizations, world peace efforts, and preservations of history. World War II is and always will be remembered as one of the globes greatest wars.

Measure for Measure Essay Example for Free

Measure for Measure Essay What evidence is there in the play to support both views? What interests and engages you in the play? There are many aspects of the play that engage and interest the audience, two main aspects being comedy and trickery. There are many characters in the play which contribute to the comedy and trickery which is abundant in the play; in particular Lucio is a character who is often seen as comical due to his lack of restraint in his speech and his ignorance of other characters. He is often associated with bawdy humour but is also associated with noblemen; which brings his character into debate. The main source of trickery which engages the audience is the ‘bed trick’ which is cunningly devised by the Duke, which again brings his and also Isabella’s character into debate. Lucio is one of the main sources of comedy in ‘Measure for Measure’, his humour and almost careless speech engages the audience which will result in the audience liking his character. His speech on occasions appears to possess no restraint which is evident from his conversation with the two gentlemen when he proudly proclaims ‘I have purchased as many diseases under her roof as come to’. Lucio’s tone suggests the he is proud of this achievement which in turn results in the audience being humoured by Lucio. However Lucio’s proclamation also gives the audience reason for concern as it shows that there is a problem in Vienna with widespread disease. This relates to the outskirts in London in Shakespeare’s era as there were a large number of brothels which resulted in widespread disease. Lucio also humours the audience when he slanders the Duke in the presence of Friar Lodowick who is ironically the Duke. Lucio describes the Duke as being ‘A very superficial, ignorant, unweighing fellow’. There is dramatic irony throughout act three scene two as the audience know that Friar Lodowick is indeed the Duke, therefore will be constantly humoured as Lucio unknowingly slanders the Duke without a care. Lucio’s use of ‘ignorant’ to describe the Duke is very ironic as Lucio himself is ignorant to the fact the Friar Lodowick is the Duke. As of yet Lucio is painted as being a bawdy character solely to humour the audience with his ridiculous imagery ‘some say a sea maid spawned him’. However he is often associated with noblemen such as Claudio ‘One word good friend. Lucio, a word with you’. Therefore Lucio can be seen as representing both noble and the low culture societies, therefore the audience will have to judge Lucio and decide. I find Lucio interesting as he is presented as a random and spontaneous character, he also confesses that he will never change his attitude ‘I am a kind of burr, I shall stick’. Lucio’s character appears to contradict puritan ideas and I believe Shakespeare uses Lucio as a tool to get his message across. Using Lucio is a great example Shakespeare is stating that we need variety in life in order to function ‘Why, ‘twas a commandment to command captain and all the rest from their functions’. Shakespeare is saying everyone has a role in life which only ‘God’ can change; this again puts emphasis on the variety of people. This idea relates to the theme of equilibrium, in this diverse society there will be equilibrium between people. The main source of trickery in the play is the ‘bed trick’ which has been cunningly planned and devised by the Duke ‘we shall advise this wronged maid to stead up your appointment, go in your place’. Thus exposing Angelo as a result, the trickery will also give insight to the Duke being deceptive. However the reader will question Isabella’s actions as she appears to be a keen accomplice in the trick ‘The image of it gives me content already’. This painted image of Isabella conflicts with that the audience has been accustomed to, Isabella is often seen as excessively pious as she ‘rather wishes a more strict restraint on the sisterhood’. The audience will therefore gain a different perspective of Isabella as well as being sceptical on her position in the sisterhood, she appears to show no insight to the effect(s) this trick will have on Angelo and Mariana as well as her own reputation; instead she seems to immediately agree with the decision without hesitation. The audience will believe Isabella is thinking only about herself, as she wants to exposes and humiliate Angelo for his earlier refused proposal to Isabella. The use of ‘content already’ shows that Isabella appears to be excited and eager about this proposal, the tone also appears to be joyful again emphasising her eagerness. To summarise, comedy and trickery are both key aspects of the play which engage the audience into debate. The audience will gain insight of the characters and will be able to judge the characters on a number of occasions by considering the arguments for and against the decisions these characters make. The play on a whole I found very interesting and engaging, as a problem play many of the decisions made by the characters can be argued for and against, hence the audiences’ judgements on these characters will be diverse as everyone will perceive character’s decisions in a different manner.

Mental Health of Geriatric Population Comparison

Mental Health of Geriatric Population Comparison AIM Mental health of Geriatric Population: A Comparative study between old aged living with family and in old age homes. OBJECTIVE To assess the dimensions of mental health of the old aged living with family and in old age homes. HYPOTHESIS There will be a significant difference in the mental health of geriatric population living in old age homes and with family. There will be a difference between anxiety of old aged living with families and old aged living in old age homes. There will be a difference between depression of old aged living with families and old aged living in old age homes. There will be a difference between loss of behavioural control of old aged living with families and old aged living in old age homes. There will be a difference between general positive affect of old aged living with families and old aged living in old age homes. There will be a difference between emotional ties of old aged living with families and old aged living in old age homes. There will be a difference between life satisfaction of old aged living with families and old aged living in old age homes. There will be a difference between psychological distress of old aged living with families and old aged living in old age homes. There will be a difference between psychological wellbeing of old aged living with families and old aged living in old age homes. RATIONALE To study the impact of old age problems on psychological well being in Indian context because of different societal values they experience different kinds of psychological problems. Growing numbers of elderly in countries of the developing world presage an increase in those affected by organic, age-related mental diseases such as dementia. A simultaneous rise in the burden of non-organic mental disorders in elderly populations is likely because stressors in many countries are affecting the mental health of the elderly directly and/or indirectly by altering the ability of families to provide care for them. It is believed that in order to improve the conditions of the old aged around the world we need to address the issues of mental health. RESEARCH DESIGN The between groups design is used to conduct the research work. Variables Independent variable –the place of stay of geriatric population Dependent Variable – Mental Health SAMPLE To achieve the objective of the current study a sample of 30 old aged males females in old age homes and 30 old age man females living with family. Their socio demographic details were taken and it was seen that samples were distributed randomly to both the genders. The age group between 60- 80 was taken and it was found that the mean age came out to be 75. It was seen that half of the population belong to the urban area and had their education till 12th standard. The sample belongs to the middle class socio economic status. SAMPLING To achieve the above objective a technique of Purposive sampling is used. Type of the study Quantitative study is being used. INCLUSION CRITERIA Males and females Between 60-80 years of age Same geographical area i.e. Delhi/NCR Old age homes Aged living with their families. EXCLUSION CRITERIA Males who are above 80 years of age and who are below 60 years of age Females who are above 80 years of age and who are below 60 years of age People with physical problems. Patients having any other psychiatric or neurological disorder RESEARCH TOOLS Mental Health Inventory (MHI; Veit Ware, 1983) The MHI measures general levels of psychological distress and well-being. The MHI consists of 38 items that are scored on a 6-point Likert scale according to the frequency of its occurrence over the past month. The MHI has elicited reliably strong internal consistencies ranging from .83 to .96 (Veit Ware,1983). It is a Self Rated Questionnaire measuring 38 items which describe symptoms or states of mind. Items are rated in terms of frequency or intensity of symptoms or states of mind over the past month. All of the 38 MHI items, except two, are scored on a six- point scale (range 1- 6) Items 9 and 28 are the exception, each scored on a five- point scale (range 1- 5). The MHI may be aggregated into 3 types of summary scores: Emotional †¢ Six subscales – Anxiety, Depression, Loss of Behavioural/ Control, General Positive Affect, Emotional Ties and Life Satisfaction. †¢ Two global scales Psychological Distress and Psychological Well-being. †¢ A global Mental Health Index score Validity and Reliability Mental health inventory has a reported .93 Cronbach alpha rating whereas its abridged version has .82 rating. The test referred to herein have been field tested on large number of people and is a well known test. Further it is pertinent to note that the mental health inventory depicted high correlation rating with MSQLI or Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life Inventory. MHI has reported both internal reliability and Test Retest reliability which are highly acceptable. PROCEDURE The first step in the research required that permission be sought from the publishers of the selected questionnaire for carrying out the study using their questionnaire. Having obtained the permission from the publishers; permission was sought from old age homes and with family members for carrying out the study on the old aged. The study was discussed with them in detail. Participants for the study were selected randomly and they comprised a purposive sample. Consent was obtained from the participants and their family members by taking their signatures on the consent forms. They were duly informed that the information provided by them would be used for research purpose only and that it would not be misused in any way. Having obtained their permission the questionnaires were then administered on the old aged. STATISTICAL TOOLS T-test was used to assess the correlation among the variables of the study SPSS 17.0 was used for result analysis The data collected by the researcher on the questionnaire selected for the present study from each of the 60 participants was subjected t statistical analysis using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences Software Programme (SPSS 17.0) in order to test the suggested hypotheses. TABLE 1 The above result table compares the mean and t score of the elderly living with families and old age homes at the scale of anxiety where group 1 indicates the lower mean (28.2000) than the mean of group 2 (34.9667) with the t-score of -3.123 significant at 0.01 level. The above result table compares the mean and t score of the elderly living with families and old age homes at the scale of depression where group 1 indicates the lower mean (12.4667) than the mean of group 2 (15.2000) with the t-score of -2.580 significant at 0.01 level. The above result table compares the mean and t score of the elderly living with families and old age homes at the scale of loss of behaviour/emotional control where group 1 indicates the lower mean (26.6333) than the mean of group 2 (33.9000) with the t-score of -3.701significant at 0.01 level. The above result table compares the mean and t score of the elderly living with families and old age homes at the scale of general positive effect where group 1 indicates the higher mean (42.1667) than the mean of group 2 (26.9667) with the t-score of 7.106 significant at 0.01 level. The above result table compares the mean and t score of the elderly living with families and old age homes at the scale of emotional ties where group 1 indicates the higher mean (7.5000) than the mean of group 2 (5.3667) with the t-score of 3.560 significant at 0.01 level. The above result table compares the mean and t score of the elderly living with families and old age homes at the scale of life satisfaction where group 1 indicates the higher mean (4.3333) than the mean of group 2 (2.4333) with the t-score of 6.697 significant at 0.01 level. The above result table compares the mean and t score of the elderly living with families and old age homes at the scale of psychological distress where group 1 indicates the lower mean (74.0667) than the mean of group 2 (92.2333) with the t-score of -3.644 significant at 0.01 level. The above result table compares the mean and t score of the elderly living with families and old age homes at the scale of psychological well being where group 1 indicates the higher mean (57.2667) than the mean of group 2 (36.9667) with the t-score of 7.549 significant at 0.01 level. The above result table compares the mean and t score of the elderly living with families and old age homes at the scale of mental health index where group 1 indicates the higher mean (1.4707E2) than the mean of group 2 (1.1563E2) with the t-score of 4.252 significant at 0.01 level. TABLE 2 The above table suggest that Anxiety (with family) has a Positive Correlation with depression, LOS, Psychological Distress and ET which are significant at 0.01 levels. Also, it shows that anxiety has a Negative Correlation with GPA, LS, Psychological Wellbeing and KMHI significant at 0.01 levels. Anxiety of old aged living in old age homes has a positive correlation with depression, loss of behaviour/emotional control psychological distress which are significant at 0.01 level. Also, it has a negative correlation with General positive affect, emotional ties, life satisfaction being significant at 0.05 levels. The above table suggest that Depression (with family) has a Positive Correlation with Anxiety, LOS, Psychological Distress and ET which is significant at 0.01 levels. Also, it shows that Depression has a Negative Correlation with GPA, LS, Psychological Wellbeing and KMHI are significant at 0.01 level and ET, LS are found to be insignificant. Depression of old aged living in old age homes has a positive correlation with anxiety, loss of behaviour control which are significant at 0.01 levels. Also, it has a negative correlation with general positive affect, emotional ties life satisfaction, psychological wellbeing and mental health being significant at 0.05 levels. The above table suggest that LOS (with family) has a Positive Correlation with Anxiety, Depression and Psychological Distress which are significant at 0.01 levels. Also, it shows that LOS has a Negative Correlation with GPA, Psychological Wellbeing and KMHI significant at 0.01 level and ET, LS being insignificant. Loss of behaviour control of old aged living in old age homes has a positive correlation with anxiety, depression and psychological distress which are significant at 0.01 levels. Also, it has a negative correlation with general positive effect, emotional ties, life satisfaction, psychological wellbeing and mental health which are significant at 0.01 levels. The above table suggest that GPA (with family) has a Positive Correlation with LS and Psychological Wellbeing and MHI which are significant at 0.01 levels. Also, it shows that GPA has a negative Correlation with ET, anxiety, depression, LOS and psychological Distress significant at 0.01 levels. General positive affect of old aged living in old age homes has a positive correlation with emotional ties, life satisfaction and psychological well being which are significant at 0.01 level. Also, it has a negative correlation with anxiety, depression, loss of behaviour and psychological distress control which are significant at 0.01 levels. The table suggest that ET (with family) has no significant correlation with any of the dimensions mentioned above. Emotional Ties of the old aged living in old age homes has a positive correlation with general positive affect, life satisfaction which are significant at 0.01 level and psychological well being is significant at 0.05 levels. Also, emotional ties have negative correlation with anxiety, depression, loss of behaviour control being significant at 0.01 level and psychological distress being significant at 0.05 levels. The above table suggest that LS (with family) has a Negative Correlation with depression, Anxiety, LOS, ET and Psychological Distress which are significant at 0.01 levels. Also, it shows that LS has a Positive Correlation with Psychological Wellbeing significant at 0.01 level and General positive affect, KMHI significant at 0.05 levels. Life satisfaction of old aged living in old age homes has a positive correlation with General positive affect, emotional ties, psychological well being and mental health which are significant at o.01 level. Also, it has a negative correlation with anxiety, depression, loss of behaviour control which are significant at 0.01 level and psychological distress being significant at 0.05 levels. The above table suggest that Psychological distress (with family) has a Positive Correlation with depression, Anxiety, LOS and ET which are significant at 0.01 levels. Also, it shows that Psychological Distress has a Negative Correlation with GPA, LS, Psychological Wellbeing and KMHI significant at 0.01 levels. Psychological distress of old aged living in old age hoes has a positive correlation with anxiety, depression and loss of behaviour control being significant at 0.01 levels. Also it has a negative correlation with GPA, distress and mental health significant at 0.1 level and ET, The above table suggest that Psychological Wellbeing (with family) has a Negative Correlation with Anxiety, depression, LOS and Psychological Distress which are significant at 0.01 levels. Also, it shows that Psychological Wellbeing has a Positive Correlation with GPA, LS, and KMHI significant at 0.01 levels. Psychological well being of old aged living in old aged homes has a positive correlation with GPA, MHI significant at 0.01 levels and ET being significant at 0.05 levels. Also it has negative correlation with depression, psychological distress significant at 0.01 level and LOS being significant at 0.05 levels. The above table suggest that KMHI (with family) has a Negative Correlation with depression, Anxiety, LOS and Psychological Distress which are significant at 0.01 levels. Also, it shows that anxiety has a Positive Correlation with GPA, LS and Psychological Wellbeing significant at 0.01 levels. The above table suggest that MHI of old aged living in old age homes has a positive correlation with GPA significant at 0.05 level and psychological well being significant at 0.01 level.

Managing the Managers Essay -- Business Management

Managing the Managers MANAGING THE MANAGERS: JAPANESE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN THE USA The article reviews one of the greatest difficulties that Japanese multinational companies face, that is integration of its subplants in other countries, where not just management is viewed as different, but also the general running of the "mother" company's, not to mention the cultural changes which may be faced when atempting to integrate into another country. The article reviewed attempts to do two things. Firstly, the authors explore the management self so as to give reasoning into the two different managing styles of the United States of America and that of infamous Japanese management. Secondly, the authors report their research on management self-conception and style in Japanese owned factories or 'transplants' in the United States. The article is a summary of a large Japanese multinational company's intergration into the United States. This multinational opened 3 transplants in the same region of the United States. One of the transplants (Honshu manufacturing, which incidently seems to hold strategic significance as concluded by the massive capital investment of $300M) has a Japanese General Manager. The second, Honshu assembly holds and American born and raised General Manager. The third transplant is of an intereting nature as this is a Hybrid of Japanese and American management. The article begins with the facts involved when a firm of a more than a modest size is doing business in a foreign environment. It outlines the difficulties and failures that could be encountered when integration is involved. The article continues to inform us on how the article will be presented and the goals of the study at hand. The article is divided into 8 separate but relevant sections, these are: Introduction which talks about the methods used in the study and gives a brief rundown of the subject of Japanese and American management. Management in the Japanese transplants which talks a lot about previous surveys already concluded of which the nature is the same as the subject at hand. This subsection of the article also provides us with a history of the subject, as far back as 1976 . This section gives case example of previous studies made within the field of Japanese management and integration by Japanese multinationals. Mediating the selves... ...y Seniorities Promotion by competence Utilisation of employees Not fully Fully Utilised Blue-collar / White collar Single Class Double Class External relation Long term Short term Group relationship Keiretsu Ownership Basis of relationship Give and take Market mechanism Decision making Collective Individual Responsibility Collective Individual Ambition of employees Promotion within company Promotion in other company Dreams/ Goals Happily working together Efficiently working together Analogy (system) Organical Mechanical The Japanese management style is deductive and believes in insight and intuition. They believe in the power of logic and reasoning, they believe that which cant be seen or measured can exist, they do not break a whole down first into parts to analyze. Compare that with the Inductive American contructive reality belief that we believe in observing and measuring, the belief that that which cant be measured or seen does not exist, alongside the Joe Friday approach: Just the facts ma'am!

Jack Kilby: Inventor of the Microchip :: essays research papers fc

Jack Kilby: Inventor of the Microchip Many people living in this fast-paced, globally-connected world often take for granted the amount of technology that goes into the little â€Å"gadgets† they love. They also do not often think about the people that made this technology possible. Throughout history, there have been only a handful of persons that have truly altered the way in which a society operates and lives. Jack Kilby’s invention of the monolithic integrated circuit, or better known as the microchip, gave birth to a new technological field of modern microelectronics. His ingenious work at Texas Instruments over forty-five years ago, was a breakthrough that has led to the â€Å"sophisticated high-speed computers and large-capacity semiconductor memories of today’s information age.† Born on November 8, 1923 in Jefferson City, Missouri, Jack Kilby was a determined intellectual. After receiving a B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from the University of Illinois, Mr. Kilby decided to get his M.S. in the same field from the University of Wisconsin. He then began his career in Milwaukee in 1947, working in the Centralab Division of Globe Union Inc. â€Å"developing ceramic-base, silk-screen circuits for consumer electronic products.† 1958 was significant for Jack Kilby due to the fact that he began working in Dallas for Texas Instruments (TI) early that year. During the summer of that same year, using borrowed materials, Mr. Kilby envisioned and constructed the very first electronic circuit in which â€Å"all of the components, both active and passive, were fabricated in a single piece of semiconductor material half the size of a paper clip.† On September 12, 1958, history was made in a TI laboratory after he successfully demonstrated the ability of that first microchip. Mr. Kilby showed the TI management a piece of germanium with an oscilloscope attached, turned it on, and the oscilloscope demonstrated a continuous sine wave, â€Å"proving that his integrated circuit worked.† Jack Kilby proceeded to â€Å"pioneer military, industrial, and commercial applications of microchip technology.† He was head of the teams that built both the first military system and the first computer featuring integrated circuits. Mr. Kilby then went on to co-invent the hand-held calculator. However, in 1970, he wanted some time off to develop his own inventions, so he decided to take a leave of absence from TI. He began to investigate the idea that silicon technology could be used to generate electrical power from sunlight. He would later incorporate this function into handheld calculator technology.

Essay --

Harriet Beecher Stowe was born Harriet Beecher in Litchfield, Connecticut on June 14, 1911 to Lyman Beecher and Roxanna Foote. She was one of eleven children, to be precise the sixth child, though not all of her siblings were of the same mother. In 1915, at the age of four, Harriet lost her mother due to an illness, the trauma of the loss stayed with her and even influenced her later writings. After the loss she was taken by her Aunt Harriet Foote to her Grandmother's home in Nut Plains. She stayed there for a few months during the winter of that year where she already started to display a literary mind with developing the ability to read and memorize whole passages from the Bible. Her father, a reverend and conservative abolitionist, soon remarried to Harriet Porter when Harriet was six years old. She described her stepmother as a fair, delicate looking creature that was also as she described "of a type noble but severe, naturally hard, correct, exact and exacting, with intense nat ural and moral ideality" (Stowe, p. 13). Her stepmother although kind, was a little flustered by inheriting eight new children and maintained some distance from them, focusing more on her own children, Harriet's half-siblings. Once Harriet was of age to attend school she started going to Litchfield Academy and soon was one of the top students. Always trying to impress her father she would later tell others that the proudest moment in her life occurred when she was twelve and her father visited the school, it was there that he heard an essay which he found exemplary. He inquired about which student had written it and when told that it was his own daughter's he praised her highly. (Stowe, p. 14) Soon after Harriet's eldest sister Charlotte, her senior ... ... to the opposition and view of the book for being overly dramatic and exaggerated. (Weinstein, p. 17) Her name remained tarnished even into the Civil Rights movement in the 1960s when it was proclaimed by one writer, James Baldwin, that the story had helped ingrain racism into the white American culture. Not until the 1970s did the name Harriet Beecher Stowe regain positive recognition with the rise of the feminist movement. These second wave feminists worked to get the book into schools and to give recognition to positive female role models throughout American history. Her writings on slavery and their impact on the United States during its tumultuous time of deciding on its moral stance on slavery was great and has been immortalized in our history as Harriet Beecher Stowe's legacy has survived even into the 21st century, being taught in schools across the country.

Collectivism in My Big Fat Greek Wedding

†¢All the Greek families from the neighbourhood are very together, as they all join up together at the Greek restaurant. †¢When the main character asks her father if she can go to University he gets very upset and says no, as he doesn’t want her to leave the family and get on with her life. †¢The father offers money to Thia Voula for her travel agents business; this shows how they help each other within the community. Tula asks to her boyfriend, if he went on holiday with his cousins, and he says no, she is shocked as she has 27 close cousins which they travel and do everything together. †¢Ã¢â‚¬Å" Greeks marry Greeks, to breed Greeks† this shows how closed they are in their own collective community. †¢The are in which the restaurant is located, only has Greek owned business, like the travel agents etc†¦ †¢Tula is always worried about her family ( shown by the way she is so worried about what her family will think when she marries a â€Å"xeno† (foreigner). During Easter dinner, the whole family gets together, they eat and dance (together! ) †¢When Toula and her family are choosing who they are going to invite to the wedding, Toula wants a small wedding, whereas her father wants to invite everyone, even the people that Toula doesn’t really talk much to. †¢Toula’s mother invited the whole family over when Toula was inviting her fiancee’s family to a â€Å"small quiet dinner to meet the parents† †¢There is a great difference between the invitation number on Toula’s and her fiancee’s party. (Toula’s is 4 times as big).

Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) Essay

Fred and Ginger are general partners in a business. They decide to purchase a building for the partnership. Ginger will put up the money for the building, and Fred will complete the remodeling. While inspecting the building, Fred is informed that the building is packed full of asbestos. He fails to tell Ginger of the presence of the substance. They buy the building and go into business. During the remodeling of the building, people from the neighborhood begin complaining about the dust from the building. Some of them even threaten to sue. Who is liable? Both Ginger and Fred are liable, regardless of the circumstances, by virtue of the fact that they are partners. Which type of business formation is typically reserved for professionals such as accountants, lawyers, and doctors? Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) There are two general partners, each of whom contributes $5,000 in capital to a limited partnership. There are two limited partners, each of whom contributes $20,000. The total amount of capital contributed is $50,000. The limited partnership agreement does not stipulate how profits and losses are to be allocated. Assume that the limited partnership makes $300,000 in profits. Under the Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act (RULPA), how much would each partner receive? Each general partner would receive $30,000, and each limited partner would receive $120,000. Which of the following is true of The Federal Arbitration Act? It provides that arbitration agreements are valid, irrevocable, and enforceable. Which of the following is true of a corporation? A corporation is a separate legal entity. Which of the following is true in the creation of a general partnership? The name selected cannot indicate that it is a corporation. Which of the following is true of arbitration? Parties can introduce evidence to support their case. Which of the following is one of the major purposes of a settlement conference? To facilitate the settlement of a case. Which of the following is true regarding mediation? A mediator does not make a decision or an award. When parties agree in advance to adhere to an arbitrator’s decision and  award, it is known as Binding arbitration Martha started a flower shop as a sole proprietor. After 1 year, she was forced to close the shop because business was so bad. At that time, the business assets totaled $50,000, but the business liabilities totaled $125,000. Which of the following statements is true? Martha is personally liable for the additional $75,000 owed to business creditors. George has served Mary with a complaint alleging breach of contract. Mary has never been sued before and as such, she seeks your advice on what to do with the complaint. You advise that she Answer George’s complaint by admitting or denying the allegations George has asserted against her The Black Squirrel limited partnership has been in operation for many years, but has recently fallen on hard times. The partners have decided to dissolve, although there are few assets remaining in the partnership. Shortly after the partnership filed its certificate of limited partnership, the partners had the foresight to incorporate into their partnership agreement a provision that, in the event of dissolution, the assets would be distributed in payment of claims first to limited partners, then to general partners, then to creditors. Hilda is a limited partner and feels relieved that she will receive at least a portion of her capital. Henry, one of the general partners, said that this provision is void and unenforceable. Which of the following best describes this situation? The provision placing the partners ahead of creditors is not enforceable, but the priority of limited partners over general partners is enforceable. Which of the following is true about the choice of business entity for an entrepreneur? The choice takes into account many factors, including finding an option that has all the characteristics desired. What is the effect of having a corporation as the general partner of a limited partnership? The liability of the corporate general partner will be limited to the amount of its assets. Which form of alternative dispute resolution occurs when the parties choose an impartial third party to hear and decide their dispute? Arbitration

Abina and the Important Men

Abina and the Important Men BY ckc74426 Abina and the Important Men: A Graphic History This graphic novel was a very interesting and unique take on history and on how it's traditionally told. The story is based on a young African slave girl, named Abina Mansah, in the nineteenth century. Most of the events that occur in the book take place in West Africa and more specifically in the Gold Coast Colony. It's based on the real-life event of Abina's trial against Quamina Eddo, who was a powerful and wealthy man. She believed that she was wrongfully enslaved.She wanted her voice to be heard and decided that she would take this man to court. The only problem with this was that he grew palm oil, which at the time was vital component of Britain's growing industrial production. Therefore, bringing him to court was a big deal. They were walking a very fine line in doing so, but in the same token they had to honor the new laws that they passed abolishing slavery. None the less, William Melton, the acting Judicial assessor, decided to give the girl a shot in court to prove Eddo guilty of wrongfully enslaving her.The account goes on to tell of the events that occurred in court. Abina tells her account of what had occurred and is questioned about her experience by Eddo's attorney, her own attorney, and Melton. She states that she was left by her old master in the hands of Eddo, but that her old master was going to return for her later. While staying at Eddo's plantation with his sister she was approached by his sister and was told that she was going to have to marry a man, Tando, against her will. She told them that she didn't like the man and wouldn't marry him.With this she was threatened and told that if she didn't marry him then she would be flogged. After she was told this she ran away and knew that she wanted her story to be heard. This is why she had come to Cape Coast to be free. In the end Quamina Eddo was found innocent of enslaving Abina. She was very upset by thi s news and stated that all she wanted was to be heard. She wanted to go to the court so that she could say what needed to be said. She wanted them to know how her life was. In the second half of the book you can find the original transcripts that tell you xactly of what was said during the trial.You can also find a section on the historical context, a reading guide, and a classroom guide. Personally, I thoroughly enjoyed this graphic novel. It was a really creative twist on the usual context of how history is normally told! I think that it kept me more interactive in the story and engaged. The main reason I enjoyed the book, along with many others I'm sure, is the story being focused on an unlikely person in history. Abina was Just a normal girl in history. She as a slave girl who didn't have any fancy education, nor was she wealthy or powerful.Basically, she was kind of like you or me in the grand scheme of world history. We don't hold any important role in history, yet we make up the majority of people in the history of our time. Its a wild thing to think about. It really makes you think about all of the history that was lost throughout the years! Who knows what other occurrences happened that, due to lack of good documentation or preservation was lost. What's even worse to consider is that throughout history there were people ho took it upon themselves to decide what was important and what was not.This is discuss is timely question of how people can so easily ignore what is right? For instance the men that were on the Jury and William Melton knew that Abina was most likely a slave. Even if she was labeled so, she was still being forced to marry a man that she didn't want to. This leads me to my next question, was she really a slave? My answer to that is a yes I believe, but I still would like to hear what others opinions are. As a girl, I can't help but side with Abina on this matter.Not only were they attempting to force her to marry someone else, but they were essentially taking her freedom away to choose her own path in life. No one likes to be told what to do and I admire her determination and courage in trying to give a voice to those who couldn't speak up for themselves. All in all this was a great book and I am really happy that you introduced us to it! It definitely made me consider all the voices that have gone unheard throughout history, but now I am left with only more questions about the history of our world and what it all means!

To Kill a Mocking Bird Essay

To Kill A Mocking Bird the character Tactics is a major role model to his children. During the novel Tactics teaches his children many Important values. The main values include: everyone is equal, to put yourself in other peoples shoes, and not to Judge others before you get to know them. Everyone is equal Is a major value that Tactics teaches his children. He wants to teach them that no matter what color, social status or appearance people are people and they should be treated politely and fairly.An example of this Is where Tactics chooses to defend a Negro, he shows his children that although this man Is a Negro (despised by the white community) he Is going to defend him Like any other person. â€Å"If I TLD I couldn't hold my head up In town, I couldn't represent this country In the legislature, I couldn't tell you or Gem not to do something again. † This shows that If Tactics were to refuse to represent Tom, Just because he Is a Negro, he would utterly ashamed of himself. He teaches his children that It Is wrong to treat someone Like badly Just because of their different colored skin. L don't see any harm in letting her go out there. Called look after her there as well as she does here. † This quote shows that Tactics trusts this person. It shows that he considers her as an equal adult and see's her fit to look after his children out of work hours. This sends a hidden message to his children that everyone is equal no matter what status they have. Equality is a big value that Tactics teaches his children and as they grow up they learn this valuable lesson. Understanding others is another important value that Tactics wants to teach his children.He wants them to put themselves in other peoples shoes so they can better understand people and accept them for who they are. An example of this is when Scout starts talking about her first day of school and the topic comes to Miss Caroline â€Å"-until you climb into his skin and walk around in it. †˜ Tactics said that I had learned many things today and Miss Caroline had learned several things herself. She had learned not to hand something to a Cunningham, but if Walter and I had put ourselves in her shoes we'd have seen it was only an honest mistake on her part†¦. By telling Scout this, Tactics is getting his values across to his daughter. Tactics is teaching her to ‘put herself in other people's shoes'. Another example of understanding others is when Mr.. Lowell insults Tactics. â€Å"Gem see if you can stand in bib Ell's shoes for a minute. I destroyed his last shred of credibility at that trial, if he had any to begin with. The man had to have some kind of comeback, his kind always does. So if spitting in my face and threatening me will save Male Lowell one extra beating, that's something I'll gladly take†¦.. Once again Tactics Is teaching his children this Important value. In the end Gem and Scout have a better understanding of people because of their fa thers values. Do not Judge other's before you meet them Is another Important value to Tactics. Tactics wants his children not to Judge people because of gossip. An example of this Is Tom Robinson. Everyone In the town assumed he was guilty straight away, Just because he Is a Negro. â€Å"that all Negroes lie, that all Negroes are basically immoral beings, that all Negro men are not to be trusted around our women,†¦You know the truth and the truth is this: some Negroes lie, some is a truth that applies to the human race and not one particular race of men. † This is an important message as it is not only for Gem and Scout but for the whole community. It teaches them not to Judge on the color of skin. It also teaches them that although one may do wrong not all are like that. Another example of Judgment is Boo Raddled. He is portrayed as a evil person through rumors and gossip. As children Gem and Scout are terrified of Boo.They listen to all the gossip and stories and make up a mental picture that he is a horrible person. But as they grow Tactics teaches them not to Judge others before you meet them and they find out that Boo is actually a kind person. â€Å"†¦ Tactics, he was real nice†¦ â€Å"Most people are, Scout, when you finally see them. † It is at this stage that Scout learns this important value and starts understanding others. Tactics eventually teaches his children this extremely important value and it makes them better people.Tactics is an important role model for his children. He teaches them many important values to get them through life. The main focus of Attic's values relates to people and how you consider, understand, and Judge them. He teaches his children all of these values and they soon have a better understanding of people. As an important role model Tactics is partly responsible for their future, and by teaching his children these values he has given them a bright one. Word count: 905